CHPASSWD(8)

NAME
chpasswd - aktualisiert Passwörter im Stapel-Modus

ÜBERSICHT

chpasswd [options]

BESCHREIBUNG

The chpasswd command reads a list of user name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a group of existing users. Each line is of the format:

user_name:password

By default the passwords must be supplied in clear-text, and are encrypted by chpasswd. Also the password age will be updated, if present.

The default encryption algorithm can be defined for the system with the ENCRYPT_METHOD or MD5_CRYPT_ENAB variables of /etc/login.defs, and can be overwritten with the -e, -m, or -c options.

chpasswd first updates all the passwords in memory, and then commits all the changes to disk if no errors occurred for any user.

Dieser Befehl ist für weitreichende Systeme gedacht, bei denenviele Passwörter gleichzeitig aktualisiert werden müssen.

OPTIONEN

The options which apply to the chpasswd command are:

-c, --crypt-method METHOD
    definiert die Methode, mit der die Passwörter verschlüsselt werden.

    The available methods are DES, MD5, SHA256, SHA512 and NONE if your libc supports these methods.

    By default (if none of the -c, -m, or -e options are specified), the encryption method is defined by the ENCRYPT_METHOD or MD5_CRYPT_ENAB variables of /etc/login.defs.

-e, --encrypted
    Passwörter werden verschlüsselt geliefert.

-h, --help
    zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm.

-m, --md5
    Zur Verschlüsselung MD5 anstelle von DES verwenden, wenn die Passwörter unverschlüsselt geliefert werden.

-R, --root CHROOT_DIR
    Apply changes in the CHROOT_DIR directory and use the configuration files from the CHROOT_DIR directory. Only absolute paths are supported.

-P, --prefix PREFIX_DIR
    Apply changes to configuration files under the root filesystem found under the directory PREFIX_DIR. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross-compilation target. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support.

-s, --sha-rounds ROUNDS
    legt die Anzahl von Runden beim Verschlüsseln von Passwörtern fest.

    You can only use this option with crypt method: SHA256 SHA512

    By default, the number of rounds for SHA256 or SHA512 is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in /etc/login.defs.

    A minimal value of 1000 and a maximal value of 999,999,999 will be enforced for SHA256 and SHA512. The default number of rounds is 5000.

WARNUNGEN

Achten Sie darauf, dass die Zugriffsrechte der unverschlüsselten Datei beziehungsweise UMASK ausschließen, dass andere Benutzer sie lesen können.

KONFIGURATION

The following configuration variables in /etc/login.defs change the behavior of this tool:

DATEIEN

/etc/passwd
    Informationen zu den Benutzerkonten

/etc/shadow
    geschützte Informationen zu den Benutzerkonten

/etc/login.defs
    konfiguriert die Shadow-Hilfsprogramme.

SIEHE AUCH

passwd(1), newusers(8), login.defs(5), useradd(8).